Amenqad n umyal n uḍebsi
Asekles n 3 000 n tuzzyiwin n uḍebsi i yezmren ad yesɛu amyal neɣ ala. Sqedcet ifecka n Tnarit akken ad tafem tagzemt yeḥman, neɣ ad tinim belli aḍebsi d imsawi.
Semmus n yiḍebsiyen, semmus n tiggrayin. Takarḍa n teḥmut, tafelwit s yifeggaɣen s tesfift ±2σ d ukayad χ² (chi-square)tanaritAkayad χ² (chi-square)Akayad adaddan i yesserwasen amḍan n tikkal i d-teffeɣ yal taxxamt d wayen yettwaṛǧan, n/37. Yettwasqedcen akken ad naẓ ma yella uḍebsi s umyal.Ɣer akk → llan ɣef ṭṭabla; anadi deg tigezmin yella am tallalt, s ssuma n yiwet n tenqiḍt. Yiwen seg yiḍebsiyen d imsawi.
Aḍebsi 1 seg 5 · 3 000 n tuzzyiwin
Tinqiḍin
9–10: Jagger ad yebɣu ad ken-yesɛu d iɛessasen n yiḍebsiyen.
6–8: tzemrem ad teɣrem takarḍa n teḥmut u ur kun-yettɣurru ara ugmuḍ aɣurran.
3–5: tufam wid iǧehden; amyal afessas d uḍebsi imsawi d nutni i d akayad.
Ddaw n 3: ɣret Amek ara d-naf amyal n uḍebsi d Tiddi n tegrumma. Kraḍ n yigiman n tuzzyiwin ttawḍen kan s ciṭ i umyal yeǧhed, u ur ttawḍen ara i umyal afessas.
D acu i t-yerran d awaɛer
Ɣef uḍebsi imsawi s 3 000 n tuzzyiwin, amḍan yettwaṛǧan i yal taxxamtibenkanTaxxamtYiwet seg 37 n texxamin s wuṭṭunen ɣef uqerru yettezzin. Daɣen: slot, cup.Ɣer akk → d 81 u abeɛɛed alugantusnaktAbeɛɛed aluganAẓar amkuẓ n tavaryans; ameccaq n umata gar ugmuḍ d wazal yettwaṛǧan.Ɣer akk → d 9 akka, ihi kra n texxamin ad ilint beṛṛa n tesfift ±2σ s zzher kan. Taxxamt s umyal n +40% tettili ɣer 113 akka, 3,5σ akka; s +20% tettili ɣer 97, ddaw n 2σ, u ur d-tettban ara deg yiwet n texxamt. TigezminaḍebsiTagzemtAḥric n texxamin yemmeḍfaren ɣef uḍebsi, mačči d tagrumma ɣef tfelwit.Ɣer akk → ttemrunent: anadi s 5 n texxamin d netta i sqedcen yimuraren n umyal n tidet akken ad afen iḍebsiyen, acku tixxamin yemlalen ttemcarakent yiwen n lɛib amikanikan.
Isteqsiyen
Acku tamusni iweɛren akk deg wurar ɣef umyal mačči d tifin n tegzemt yeḥman; d akken ur d-tettafem ara tagzemt ulac-itt.
Igiman i umyal yeǧhed; timerwin n yigiman i umyal afessas. Tawacult n Jagger tɛassa iḍebsiyen ddurat.
Taḍsa i usgunfu
Afet tagzemt. Neɣ qeblet belli ulac-itt.
Iɣbula
- Barnhart, R. T. Beating the Wheel.
- Pearson, K. “On the criterion that a given system of deviations from the probable…”