Casino de Monte-Carlo
Lebni i yerran yiwen yilem yettwassen, d tqsiḍin i yerran lebni-nni yettwassen.

Yettwaldi deg 1863, yettwabna tikkelt nniḍen sɣur Charles Garnier deg 1878, Casino de Monte-Carlo d tamudemt n yal amkan n usgunfu s lkazinu seg wass-nni. Ṭṭwabel-is n rulit ttawint iḍebsiyen s yiwen yilem s yilugan n Faransa, yerna seg-sent i d-kkant tiqsiḍin n wurar yettwassnen akk.
Lebni
Lkazinu tamezwarut tella d axxam amecṭuḥ. Deg 1878, Charles Garnier, i d-yeffɣen seg Opéra n Paris, yerna-d Salle Garnier d wudem i d-yettbanen deg yal tawlaft: sin n lebrej, asqif yettmuqulen ɣer lebḥer, d tzeqqa n wurar s yisuluten yettwazwaqen s ddheb, yettwaxedmen akken amurar ad iḥulfu belli lexsara dagi d yiwen n wanaw n tilin seg tmetti-nni. Salle Europe, s yisfuyla-s s yiniten d tam n tfawin-is timeqqranin, tesɛa ṭṭwabel n rulit seg wasmi i tettwaldi, mazal-itent.
Ṭṭwabel
Iḍebsiyen s yiwen yilemaḍebsiIlemTaxxamt tazegzawt tasuft ur yeṭṭif ula d yiwen n rrehn s lexlaṣ imsawi, n ddzina neɣ n tgejdit; d aɣbalu n lmaziyya n lkazinu. Daɣen: yiwen yilem, 0.Ɣer akk → deg yal amkan, s tfelwiyin n rrhunibenkanTafelwit n rrhunAẓeṭṭa n rrhun yettwarun ɣef ṭṭabla. Daɣen: ṭṭabla, tajellabt, aceṭṭiḍ.Ɣer akk → s tefransist, rrhun s wawalṭṭablaRrehn s wawalRrehn i yettwanan i ukrupi deg wadeg ad yettwasers s ufus, s umata d rrehn ɣef tegzemt n uḍebsi am voisins neɣ tiers. Daɣen «announced bet».Ɣer akk → yettwaṛǧan, d ufran n umurar gar la partagealugenLa partageAlugen afransis: mi ara d-yeffeɣ yilem, azgen n rrehn s lexlaṣ imsawi yettuɣal-d. Yessenqas lmaziyya n lkazinu ɣef rrhun-a ɣer uzgen, d 1,35%.Ɣer akk → d en prisonalugenEn prisonAlugen afransis: mi ara d-yeffeɣ yilem, rrehn s lexlaṣ imsawi yettwaṭṭaf i tuzzya i d-iteddun deg wadeg ad yexser. Yessenqas lmaziyya n lkazinu ɣef rrhun-a ɣer uzgen.Ɣer akk → ɣef rrhun s lexlaṣ imsawirrehnRrehn s lexlaṣ imsawiAzeggaɣ/aberkan, aryan/uyug, afellay/adday. 18 n wuṭṭunen, ixelleṣ 1:1.Ɣer akk → mi ara d-yuli yilem. Tilisa tidday ɛlayent ugar n tuget n lkazinu n Urupa, yerna alugen n llebsa yettwasbedd mi ara yeɣli yiṭij. Isuluten usligen s tlisa ɛlayent llan deffir isuluten n medden. Allal d amaynut; lɛada, d awal n ukrupi «rien ne va plusFR · tikliRien ne va plus«Ulac acu ara iddun tura.» Asiwel afransis n «ulac rrhun nniḍen».Ɣer akk →» deg-s, d ayla n tasut wis 19.
Leḥsab i yebnan tagelda
S 2,70% ɣef tuget n rrhun d 1,35% ɣef lexlaṣ imsawi, lmaziyya tella tenqes ɣef tin n yal amnafsu. Amḍan n rrhun yerra-t-id: timacinin seg Nice seg 1868, isensa ɣef tewrirt, tallit i yeṭṭfen tagrest meṛṛa. Deg 1869, lkazinu txelleṣ i tewdawla, tabzert ɣef wedrim n uxeddim tettwakkes. Tamsirt i d-yesselmed Blanc d tin i d-yettales usmel-a: lmaziyya × amḍan n rrhun meṛṛaidrimenAmḍan n rrhun meṛṛaTamerna n yidrimen yettwarhen deg yiwet n tɣimit neɣ deg yiwen wakud, s rrbeḥ i yettuɣalen yettwarhen. Daɣen: handle, action.Ɣer akk → d axeddim meṛṛa, yerna amḍan n rrhun meṛṛa yettbeddil s ssuma.
Tarzeft
Isuluten imeqqranen ttqebbilen inebgawen yesɛan ugar n 18 n yiseggasen s tkarḍa n tmagit; imezdaɣ n tmurt mazal-iten ttwagedlen seg lqmer. Yella ssuma n ukcam i tzeqqiwin n wurar d yiwen n wadeg war idrimen s tmacinin n slot. Ma tṛuḥem ad twalim rulit, Salle Europe deg tazwara n tmeddit d amkan ilaqen: akrupi, aɛekkaz aɣezfan n ukrupi (rateau), ijiṭunenidrimenAjiṭunTamatart i d-yemmalen azal yettwasbedden, yettwasersen ɣef tfelwit akken ad yili rrehn. Daɣen: check.Ɣer akk → yettwabedren s tefransist, d uḍebsi ur nbeddel ara assaɣ-is seg 1863.
Isteqsiyen
Inebgawen yesɛan ugar n 18 n yiseggasen s tkarḍa n tmagit, s llebsa ilaqen. Imezdaɣ n Monaco ur zmiren ara ad qemmren.
Yiwen yilem s yilugan n Faransa d rulit tamagnut yelhan akk deg yal amkan; aṭas n lkazinu n Urupa sɛant-t ula d nutenti.
Ala. Lkazinu werǧin tesbeggen-d ṭṭabla neɣ azemz ugar n uglam yettwaqeblen.
Taḍsa i usgunfu

Lmaziyya tamecṭuḥt, aṭas n rrhun, abrid n tmacint d umesdeg yelhan aṭas.
Iɣbula
- Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling.
- Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture.
- Barnhart, R. T. Beating the Wheel.