Rulit n Monte Carlo

Acuɣer Monaco

Deg yiseggasen 1850, Monaco tella d azru ur nesɛi acemma n yedrimen, s ugellid, s ugeddem, war ma yella usenɛi. Lqmer yettwagdal deg tgeldiwin n Lalman, anda lkazinu n temdinin n waman iḥman frurin. Agellid Charles III yefka turagt n lkazinu deg 1856; aɛraḍ amezwaru yexser imi ulac abrid n tmacint, ulac abrid. François Blanc, i yerran Bad Homburg tettwassen, yuɣ turagt deg 1863, yesbedd Société des Bains de Mer, yessuter s tɣawla abrid n tmacint seg Nice, yerna isemma taɣiwant tamaynut Monte Carlo ɣef yisem n ugellid. Lkazinu tefka idrimen i tewdawla aṭas, armi tabzert ɣef wedrim n uxeddim tettwakkes deg 1869, werǧin tuɣal-d.

Bad Homburg d lkazinu n yimdinen n waman iḥman

Yiwen yilem d tasertit

Blanc yewwi-d aḍebsi s yiwen yilemaḍebsiIlemTaxxamt tazegzawt tasuft ur yeṭṭif ula d yiwen n rrehn s lexlaṣ imsawi, n ddzina neɣ n tgejdit; d aɣbalu n lmaziyya n lkazinu. Daɣen: yiwen yilem, 0.Ɣer akk → seg Homburg. Deg Monte Carlo, ur yelli d tiḥila n tmesziwrit maca d alugan: yal ṭṭabla, yal ass. Imuraren n yal tamnaḍt n Urupa lemden urar n rulit n Monte Carlo s 2,70% syin ṛǧan-t deg yimukan nniḍen, ihi ilem wis sintawsitSin yilmawenTaxxamt 00 n uḍebsi amarikani. Mi ara tili, lmaziyya n lkazinu tettali seg 2,70% ɣer 5,26%.Ɣer akk → yeqqim kan anda Monte Carlo werǧin tesbedd alugan.

Rulit deg UrupaRulit tawrupit

Aserreẓ n lbanka

Yal ṭṭabla n rulit deg Monte Carlo tesɛa adrim yettwaḥerzen, «lbanka». Mi ara yerbeḥ yiwen umurar ugar n wedrim-a, ṭṭabla tettwaɣumm s yiwen ucelmun aberkanrrehnAberkanRrehn s lexlaṣ imsawi ɣef 18 n wuṭṭunen iberkanen. S tefransist: noir.Ɣer akk → alamma d-ttawin-d adrim nniḍen: lbanka «terreẓ». Yeḍra-d s waṭas, yerna d adellel yelhan; ur yebɣi ara ad d-yini lkazinu texser idrimen meṛṛa, ala adrim n yiwet n ṭṭabla i yekfan. Charles Wells yexdem-it aṭas n tikkal deg 1891 s uzrar meqqren mliḥ, yuɣal d tizlit n music-hall, yerna yexser aḥric seg-s deg tegrest-nni.

Argaz i yesserẓen lbanka

Tiqsiḍin

Aḍebsi s umyaltanaritAḍebsi s umyalAḍebsi i deg ara xedmen yixeṣṣaṣen-is n lǧessa kra n texxamin ad d-ffɣent ugar n 1/37. D ayen yettwaxeṣṣren, ur yettwaf ara ala s yigiman n tuzzyiwin yettwarun.Ɣer akk → n Joseph Jagger (ɣer 1880), Wells (1891) d 26 n yiberkanen (1913) akk ḍran-d dagi, yal yiwet tesɛa tasna-s. Tasga n udellel n lkazinu, i yezwaren zzman-is, tḥerreṣ akken ad d-yettwanni yal yiwet deg yiɣmisen n London. Tamacahut n yiwen n wadeg anda i ttwarebḥen wayla tesnez ugar n tibṭaqin n tmacint wala yal aglam n tidet ɣef 2,70%.

Urar n rulit n Monte Carlo ass-a

Lkazinu mazal-itt tteddu, rulit mazal-itt d tlemmast n tzeqqa tameqqrant, s yiḍebsiyen s yiwen yilem d yilugan n Faransa (la partagealugenLa partageAlugen afransis: mi ara d-yeffeɣ yilem, azgen n rrehn s lexlaṣ imsawi yettuɣal-d. Yessenqas lmaziyya n lkazinu ɣef rrhun-a ɣer uzgen, d 1,35%.Ɣer akk → neɣ en prisonalugenEn prisonAlugen afransis: mi ara d-yeffeɣ yilem, rrehn s lexlaṣ imsawi yettwaṭṭaf i tuzzya i d-iteddun deg wadeg ad yexser. Yessenqas lmaziyya n lkazinu ɣef rrhun-a ɣer uzgen.Ɣer akk → ɣef lexlaṣ imsawi). Société des Bains de Mer mazal-itt d takebbanit tameqqrant n tgelda. Tarrayt Monte Carlo deg tusnakt, i semman Ulam d von Neumann deg yiseggasen 1940 ɣef yisem n lkazinu, d nettat i yesseddayen isimulaturen n usmel-a.

Alugen En Prison deg rulitRulit tafransist

Isteqsiyen