Gonzalo García-Pelayo: anagraw n rulit

Uqbel lkazinu

Gonzalo García-Pelayo ilul deg Madrid ass n 25 Yunyu 1947, yemɣer deg Andalusia, deg Jerez d Seville. Yexdem isaragen, gar-asen Manuela (1976) d Vivir en Sevilla (1978), deg 1974 yesbedd tasensla n tezlatin Gong, anda i d-yessufeɣ Triana, Lole y Manuel d María Jiménez. Akken i d-yenna netta, yessufeɣ-d azal n 150 n yiḍebsiyen n tezlatin. Mačči d amussnaw n tusnakt, ɣas akken uran kra n yiɣmisen: yenna i uɣmis n tdamsa Cinco Días deg 2004 belli yesɛa kan tusnakt n uɣerbaz d yiwen neɣ sin n yidlisen ɣef taprubabilittusnaktTaprubabilitAzal n yiwen ugmuḍ ad d-yeḍru, seg 0 ɣer 1 neɣ seg 0% ɣer 100%. Yiwen wuṭṭun: 1/37 = 2,70%.Ɣer akk →. Tikti n tezrawt n rulit, akken i d-yenna, tusa-yas-d deffir mi yexser deg blackjack.

Tarbaɛt

Anagraw n rulit n twacult Pelayo yeḥwaǧ aṭas n yimdanen, yerna imuraren d imdanen n twacult-is. Asmel-is s timmad-is isemma-d mmi-s Iván, yelli-s Vanessa d warraw n watmaten-is Christian d Marcos; imeslayen nniḍen rnan-d arraw n watmaten-is nniḍen, Guillermo d Jaime. Sḍis n yimdanen i yeṭṭef ugdel n lkazinu, yerna akken i d-yeḥka syin, tarbaɛt temɣer alamma d tnac, s ugar n yimdanen n twacult d kra n yimdukal iqerben. Semman iman-nsen flotilla.

Axeddim yettwabḍa. Kra qqimen ɣer uḍebsi ttarun uṭṭunen; mi ara fakken, ṛuḥen, udmawen imaynuten kecmen-d ad rehnen, akken lkazinu ur tetteqqen ara gar-asen. Drus i yesserrs netta s timmad-is rrehn. Wiyaḍ uraren, ssawalen-as s tiliɣri ɣef ugmuḍ. Syin sseqdacen imdukal ur ssinen ara lkazinu, i semman submarines.

Tarrayt, s wawalen-is

Tazwara n unagraw n rulit n Gonzalo García-Pelayo d akken ulac tamacint yemmden: ma yella timrilin n Swis d yirukiten n NASA ur mmiden ara, aḍebsi n rulit ula d netta ur yemmid ara, yerna kra n texxaminibenkanTaxxamtYiwet seg 37 n texxamin s wuṭṭunen ɣef uqerru yettezzin. Daɣen: slot, cup.Ɣer akk → ilaq ad rebḥent cwiṭ ugar n tiyaḍ. Deg tazwara yeɣil d aḍeggeṛ n ukrupiimdanenAkrupiBab n ṭṭabla n rulit, i yettsellifen urar.Ɣer akk →; uṭṭunen sskanen-d belli ssebba d aḍebsi.

Yal aḍebsi yettwaru azal n 5 000 n tuzzyiwin uqbel ad yerhen yiwen fell-as (Iván yenna-d 6 000), d ayen yeṭṭfen azal n xmesṭac n wussan s sḍis ar tam n yisragen i wass. Imaruyen lemden daɣen ticraḍ n uḍebsi, alamma d ajerreḥ amecṭuḥ akk, akken ad t-id-afen ma yella yettwasmutti.

Yettḥessib s «tinqiḍin». Uṭṭun i d-yettalin yiwet n tikkelt deg 36 n tuzzyiwin ulac rrbeḥ ulac lexsara s 35 ɣef 1, ihi ur yettawi acemma; yal tikkelt ugar n waya d yiwet n tenqiḍt. Syin yettqabal tinqiḍin n uḍebsi d wayen i d-ttakken yiḍebsiyen imsawin deg tsimulasyunt s uselkim, s useɣzan i yura s yiman-is. Akken i d-yenna yiwen umeskayad n udlis n twacult, llant snat n tlisa: yiwet ur tt-ttɛeddin ara 95% n yiḍebsiyen imsawin n tsimulasyunt, d talast taqesḥant ur tt-ttɛeddin ara 99,95%. Aḍebsi i yɛeddan talast taqesḥant, ɣur-s, s tidet d aḍebsi s umyal.

Akken qqaren yisefka-s, aḍebsi s umyaltanaritAḍebsi s umyalAḍebsi i deg ara xedmen yixeṣṣaṣen-is n lǧessa kra n texxamin ad d-ffɣent ugar n 1/37. D ayen yettwaxeṣṣren, ur yettwaf ara ala s yigiman n tuzzyiwin yettwarun.Ɣer akk → yesɛa gar tẓa d tnac n wuṭṭunen yezwaren. Taxxamt yelhan akk i yufa tettrebḥ yiwet n tikkelt deg 28 n tuzzyiwin, yal ayen yifen yiwet n tikkelt deg 35 yella yeswa rrehn, yerna asemlil yefka-d lmaziyya n 6% qrib. Akk imḍanen-a d ayla-s; ulac lkazinu neɣ tanbaḍt i d-yessufɣen kra.

Acuɣer 5 000 n tuzzyiwin, d acuɣer aḍebsi meṛṛa

Deg 5 000 n tuzzyiwin, taxxamt tamsawit ad d-tali azal n 135 n tikkal, ugar neɣ drus s 11. Taxxamt i yettrebḥen s tidet yiwet n tikkelt deg 28 ad d-tali azal n 179 n tikkal, qrib ukkuẓ seg «ugar neɣ drus»-a zdat; zzher ur yettxeddim ara aya, yerna taxxamt s lɛib war ccek.

Taxxamt i yettrebḥen yiwet n tikkelt deg 33 d ayen nniḍen. Ad d-tawi i win i yerhnen 9%, yerna deg 5 000 n tuzzyiwin ad d-tali azal n 152 n tikkal, yiwen d uzgen kan n «ugar neɣ drus» zdat. Ɣef uḍebsi imsawi akk, sin neɣ kraḍ seg 37 n texxamin ad zwiren akka s zzher kan. Afran n wuṭṭun yezwaren deffir 5 000 n tuzzyiwin ur yekfi ara ihi. Aḍebsi meṛṛa ilaq ad yettwaɛreḍ mgal ayen xeddmen yiḍebsiyen imsawin, d ayen i wumi llant tlisa n tsimulasyunt, d wayen yettxeddim ukayad χ² (chi-square)tanaritAkayad χ² (chi-square)Akayad adaddan i yesserwasen amḍan n tikkal i d-teffeɣ yal taxxamt d wayen yettwaṛǧan, n/37. Yettwasqedcen akken ad naẓ ma yella uḍebsi s umyal.Ɣer akk → ɣef lkaɣeḍ.

Tiddi n tegrumma

Idrimen

Twacult d aɣbalu kan n rrbeḥ, yerna imḍanen mgaraden. Amatu meṛṛa d tin yettbeddilen drus: gar 200 d 250 n yimelyunen n pesetas seg lkazinu meṛṛa, d ayen yellan 1,2 ar 1,5 n yimelyunen n yuṛu. I Casino Gran Madrid kan, imeslayen mgaraden fkan-d seg 70 n yimelyunen n pesetas ar ugar n yiwen umelyun n yuṛu. Lkazinu tenna i yiwen n uneqqis n 2000 belli ulac ɣur-s asemmad n wedrim-a. Netta yenna-d bdan s wazal n 1 800 n yuṛu, yerna yiwet n tikkelt xesren 60 000 n yuṛu deg yiwen wass.

Twacult turar deg yimukan nniḍen, akken i d-yenna: Barcelona, Vienna, Amsterdam, Copenhagen. Las Vegas d aɛraḍ aneggaru, ur d-yewwi ara aṭas, ssebba n yilemaḍebsiIlemTaxxamt tazegzawt tasuft ur yeṭṭif ula d yiwen n rrehn s lexlaṣ imsawi, n ddzina neɣ n tgejdit; d aɣbalu n lmaziyya n lkazinu. Daɣen: yiwen yilem, 0.Ɣer akk → wis sin. S 38 n texxamin, taxxamt ilaq ad tesɛu lɛib meqqren ugar uqbel ad d-yawi lexlaṣidrimenLexlaṣAyen i d-yettak rrehn i yerbḥen, yettwanna «X ɣef 1» nnig rrehn i d-yettuɣalen.Ɣer akk → n 35 ɣef 1 rrbeḥ.

Rulit tamarikanit: aḍebsi d yilugan

Ayen i texdem lkazinu

Casino Gran Madrid tella deg Torrelodones, beṛṛa n temdint, iɣmisen n Spenyul s waṭas semman-tt Casino de Madrid kan. Akken i d-tenna twacult, deg tazwara tesmutti iḍebsiyen, tbeddel kra n yiḥricen-nsen, akken yal yiwen ad yettwazrew tikkelt nniḍen. Syin tegdel imuraren, s umagrad n yilugan n lkazinu n Spenyul i yettaǧǧan lkazinu ad tugi imdanen i yettwaṛǧan ad xedmen ayen ur nelli d alugan deg wuraren. Yiwen n uneqqis n 2000 yenna-d tamsalt-is d akken tarbaɛt tezri aṭas n wakud tettḥessib acḥal i d-yettali yal agmuḍ, tesseqdec aseɣzan n uselkim akken ad d-taf igmaḍ uqbel, ihi turar s lmaziyya. Tecka daɣen belli imuraren nniḍen ttɛawaden rrhun-nsen.

Lkazinu nniḍen ttwaselɣen. Twacult teglem-d amek i s-ssutren ad teffeɣ deg Vienna deffir yiwen yiḍ n rrbeḥ, deg 2012 yenna-d mazal-iten ttwagedlen deg Faransa d Danmark.

Lɣecc deg rulit

Mraw n yiseggasen deg lmeḥkama

Lkazinu ur tecki ara ɣef twacult. Twacult tecka ɣef ugdel ɣer lbiru n tnabaḍt deg Madrid, i yennan ur yelli d alugan, yerna d lkazinu i yṛuḥen ɣer lmeḥkama, mgal tagtin n tnabaḍt.

Ayen i d-tenna Lmeḥkama Tunnigt

Lmeḥkama tenna-d belli ayen xedmen yimuraren ur yelli d ayen ur nelli d alugan s unamek n yilugan, ihi lkazinu ur tesɛi ara ssebba ad ten-tegdel. S wawalen-is, imuraren ur xdimen kra ala aseqdec n tiḥrecṭi-nsen d tetiknikin n uselkim, yerna urar-nsen yebna ɣef tmuɣli tafessast n yigmaḍ i d-yettuɣalen, mačči ɣef terẓi n yilugan. Terra ssebba ɣer yiḍebsiyen: leɛyub imecṭuḥen s waṭas n lebni neɣ n wadeg, ur nettban ara s tiṭ.

Tenna-d daɣen ayen tezmer ad t-texdem lkazinu deg wadeg-is. Aḥraz n lḥeqq mačči d asuffeɣ neɣ agdel n yimuraren, maca d abeddel n wadeg n yiḍebsiyen, abeddel n yiḥricen-nsen neɣ aseɣti n tmudemt-nsen.

Aḥkam-a d amaḥdud ugar n wayen i s-ttarran s waṭas. Yesseqdac yiwen umagrad n yilugan n lkazinu n Spenyul ɣef yiwen ugdel. Ur d-yeqqar ara yal lkazinu deg yal amkan ilaq ad tqebel amurar i d-yufan aḍebsi s umyal.

Deffir rulit

Yelmed poker deg Marikan, yeldi tazeqqa n Texas hold’em deg Madrid deg 1996; El Mundo yenna-d deg 2001 belli Carlos Mortensen, aneɣlab n umaḍal deg useggas-nni, yelmed urar din. Deg 2004 yella yettidir s poker deg Internet, syin yuɣal ɣer rrhun n waddal. Akked Iván, yura La fabulosa historia de los Pelayos (2003). History Channel teḥka-d taqsiḍt deg tesmilt-is Breaking Vegas, Eduard Cortés yerra-tt d asaru The Pelayos (2012). Yuɣal yexdem isaragen deg useggas-nni yakan.

Ayen ur nettwasbedd ara

Kraḍ n tɣawsiwin i d-ttwannant s waṭas ɣef Pelayos ulac ɣur-sent aɣbalu beṛṛa n twacult, neɣ ulac akk. Yenna-d amfares ingliz yebna aḍebsi yettwaxedmen mgal-asen kan, «anti-Pelayo roulette»; ulac amfares neɣ lkazinu i d-yesbeggnen aya. Ulac ayen yeskanen belli lkazinu n Urupa meṛṛa beddlent aḥraz-nsent ssebba n twacult-a kan. Yerna tifelwiyin n tlisa deg udlis ur zmirent ara ad ttwasneqdent i tasna-a, ihi ttwaglment dagi kan akken i tent-yeglem umeskayad.

Isteqsiyen